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NetBIOS and WINS can be seen as an old system for what is now DNS. Actually DNS existed back in the 90s, but Microsoft had the idea to build their own competitor system. NetBIOS is the naming scheme. WINS does NetBIOS name to IP address resolution. The LMHOSTS file is then for WINS like the plain hosts file . So, just like DNS does hostname to IP resolution nowadays. In any modern network there should be no WINS server any more. It might only be on extremely old legacy systems (running since mid of the 90s) that a WINS server is still there. Sources: Networking Fundamentals: Part 6 at minute 51. Keywords: Windows, Networking

The linked video shows and explains defining a DHCP scope. Sources: Networking Fundamentals: Part 6 at minute 19. Keywords: Windows Server 2012 R2, Networking

To turn a Windows Server into a router (that will serve as a default gateway;) the Routing and Remote Access service is used. Sources: Networking Fundamentals: Part 4 Keywords: Windows Server 2012 R2, Networking

If you want to go back to another complete system state you cannot simply do this via the in-Windows based Server Backup and Restore GUI. Likely it will tell you some message like: "WBADMIN START SYSTEMSTATERECOVERY". How to get into the repair disk: Start/restart the computer, Press F8, Select Repair Your Computer Select Troubleshooting System Image Recovery ... The command line accessible from the repair disk allows you to restore any available restore point. To query available restore points execute " wbadmin get versions ". On the repair disk this first gives you no available resources. If your backup is e.g. on drive D: keep in mind that this is in the repair disk now E:. So, wbadmin get versions -backupTarget:e: This should now give you all the available backups and their suitability to restore a system (bare-metal backup). Backup time: 22.11.2014 16:00 Backup target: Fixed Disk labeled D: Version identifier: 11/22/2014-15:00 Can rec

If you want to go back to another complete system state you cannot simply do this via the in-Windows based Server Backup and Restore GUI. Likely it will tell you some message like: "WBADMIN START SYSTEMSTATERECOVERY". One fully graphical supported way is to use the so-called repair disk. Start/restart the computer, Press F8, Select Repair Your Computer Select Troubleshooting System Image Recovery ... The big shortcoming of that tool is that it only shows you the latest system restore point, which might be after what you want to recover. If you really want to restore to a very specific point (e.g. one week earlier where a certain issue did not happen yet) you will have to use the command line accessible from the repair disk. Note: The command line in a normal running Windows will can neither execute the respective restore command. Sources: Windows 2008 R2: Recover the Operating System or Full Server How to restore a system image in Windows Server 2012